The range of tools for handling fasteners that exists today is quite large. However, wrenches are the most popular. Their unique features and versatility make them the most widely used instruments. But they also differ in cost.
Content
This tool is able to replace a whole set of different open-end wrenches. In it, you can adjust the size of the pharynx, which means the ability to work with nuts of different diameters. The main purpose of the key is to work with clamps, so its parts and body must withstand certain loads and not be deformed. To do this, the tool is made of durable types of metal, and the surface is coated with special protective compounds.
The standard version consists of the following parts:

Due to their versatility, adjustable models can work with any nuts and bolts, and even with non-standard fasteners of various sizes.
A quality tool must be made of durable metal, which can be an alloy of vanadium and chromium or high-carbon tool steel. And for additional resistance to rust and corrosion, as well as mechanical damage, the following coatings can be used:
In the production of keys, certain standards are used - in Europe this is the ISO 6787:2001 standard, and in Russia a similar version of the document has been adopted - GOST R 54488-2011.
The size of adjustable tools is determined depending on the width of its throat:
The weight of the tool will directly depend on the material from which it is made, its size and the type of protective coating.
The main scope of the key in question is the production of plumbing work. With its help, plumbers can twist the fittings, remove pipe cuts from rusted or stuck joints, etc. Due to the elongated handle, the operator has a significant physical lever, with which the greatest effort is applied to the unscrewed element. This force is many times greater than when using a conventional open end wrench. In the same way, the tightening of nuts on various twisting parts occurs. Due to the application of uniform efforts by means of a lever, the device does not “lick off” the edges and does not break the thread.
A LITTLE HISTORY: In Russia, the competition "Professional installer" is held annually. At his last tournament in 2019, the wrench was recognized as an indispensable tool for professional work.Depending on the areas of its application, the places were distributed as follows:
Its undoubted advantages include the following properties:
The disadvantages include:
In total, there are three main types:

The latter type of adjustable wrench is worth mentioning separately, since its versatility is a special help for any plumber, gas service employee, plumber, and even a fireman. It takes up extremely little space in the bag and can replace several work items at once.However, universal devices are also divided into two types: self-locking and end.
The main advantage of this tool is its mechanism of operation based on the ratchet effect, and it has an accelerated adjustment. These properties mean that the user can quickly adjust the gap size to the element that needs to be rotated. The self-adjustment of the device means that the user does not need to remove it from the workpiece when it is necessary to adjust the shed. Among other things, the relief profile of the lips is made in such a way that the fasteners are not allowed to slide or any other damage to the nuts is allowed during the process. There are quite a few models of self-locking keys on the market, the standard adjustment sizes for them are from 17 to 24 millimeters.
The design of this model is provided in such a way that its head forms a universal socket. It easily adapts to the desired part - the head of the bolt, hook, nut, screw, etc. Accordingly, by fixing the head on the element, it is possible to quickly begin the process of unscrewing/tightening. A special difference of this option is a rather large adjustment range - from 7 to 19 millimeters.
The advantages of universal equipment can be safely attributed:
This shows that the productivity of working with universal tools increases significantly.
Thanks to the ability to adjust the size of the throat (the distance between the "lips"), using the device is quite simple - you just need to choose the right size that matches the diameter of the working part. In the case of a standard tool, you only need to adjust the throat with a worm.
For a gas (universal) key, the order is somewhat different:
At the end of the entire procedure, you can start unscrewing / twisting.
First of all, it should be noted that even for the level of domestic needs on the farm, you need to have two adjustable wrenches at once - a large and a small one. If you rely on the fact that most plumbing connections and pipes in Russian houses and apartments are adjacent to the walls, then they are clearly located in hard-to-reach places. Thus, using two keys at once is much more convenient, for example, when you need to move the futor from a part of the pipe. Accordingly, you need to hold the pipe with one key, and unscrew the futorka with the second.
The main factors that you need to pay close attention to in the process of purchasing a tool:
IMPORTANT! It is also worth paying attention to the material from which the device is made. If it is covered with a chrome compound, then it will gleam. This coating means greater resistance to damp environments. If the device is simply painted in different colors (green, blue, black), then this means that it is simply made of steel.
These two main parameters are of most concern to the end consumer of any product. Regarding wrenches, it can be definitely stated that if the tool is supposed to be used no more than a couple of times a year, and even then for standard household needs, there is no need to focus on expensive Western brands.
Normal budget options for the above purposes will cost a potential buyer 100-300 rubles, but they will not be equipped with additional options, such as, for example, a rubberized handle or a protective coating on the body. Models ranging from 500 to 1000 rubles are considered the most optimal household option - now they may already have additional modifications, and their quality will be at the level of world brands.
The most expensive models cost from 1500 rubles and more. They are made of heavy-duty alloys, they are supplied with additional components, such as a ruler, oil level, additional fasteners, interchangeable lips. However, professional plumbers prefer to have at home a large and versatile set of all tools at once.
Standard wrench made of steel. Suitable for occasional housework. Because of its small working width, it is preferable to use it with a larger wrench. There are no additional options in this model. The handle has a hole for attaching to a belt hook.

| Name | Index |
|---|---|
| Type of | Adjustable without options |
| Maximum capture, mm | 30 |
| Maximum length, mm | 90 |
| Material | Steel |
| Price, rubles | 500 |
Improved key model. It has an ergonomic handle protected by rubber pads. It can be used both for home needs and for work of a more professional level.It has a telescopic handle, which means it can work in hard-to-reach places.

| Name | Index |
|---|---|
| Type of | Adjustable rubberized |
| Maximum capture, mm | 30 |
| Maximum length, mm | 200 |
| Material | Chrome vanadium steel |
| Price, rubles | 610 |
An excellent example of German production with a good set of additional options. It has a phosphated coating (anti-slip), which indicates additional comfort during work. The working head is equipped with a measuring ruler. It tolerates high loads very well.

| Name | Index |
|---|---|
| Type of | Adjustable phosphated |
| Maximum capture, mm | 50 |
| Maximum length, mm | 250 |
| Material | Chrome vanadium steel |
| Price, rubles | 1500 |
This model for handling pipes is not designed for particularly long-term loads. Suitable for infrequent and one-time use. The body of the tool is painted green and made of ordinary steel. However, when visually inspected “through the light”, all parts of the device fit snugly together.

| Name | Index |
|---|---|
| Type of | gas lever |
| Maximum capture, mm | 28 |
| Lip shape | "G" |
| Lip angle | 45 |
| Material | Tool steel |
| Length, mm | 250 |
| Price, rubles | 400 |
This device has a very narrow specialization and is designed to work with small parts and pipes of small diameter. Therefore, it is not worth making special requirements for it in terms of strength and size of the pharynx. Ideal for plumbing in bathrooms and toilets.

| Name | Index |
|---|---|
| Type of | gas lever |
| Maximum capture, mm | 25 |
| Lip shape | "G" |
| Lip angle | 45 |
| Material | Tool steel |
| Length, mm | 300 |
| Price, rubles | 600 |
An expensive and versatile tool suitable for all kinds of work. It copes equally well with small fasteners and large diameter pipes. Heavy-duty construction material (carbon steel) allows you not to exercise special care when applying pressure on the lever.

| Name | Index |
|---|---|
| Type of | gas lever |
| Maximum capture, mm | 90 |
| Lip shape | "G" |
| Lip angle | 90 |
| Material | Carbon steel |
| Length, mm | 630 |
| Price, rubles | 1500 |
This wrench is designed to grip objects of various shapes and sizes for unscrewing / tightening. Can also be used as an adjustable/pipe device. They have flowing handles and are made of the strongest carbon steel. With their help, a reliable and powerful fixation is provided.

| Name | Index |
|---|---|
| Type of | Plumbing pliers |
| Maximum solution, mm | 50 |
| Material | Carbon steel |
| Additional options | Rubberized handle |
| Weight, gr | 370 |
| Length, mm | 320 |
| Price, rubles | 500 |
These adjustable pliers are able to replace a complete set of any keys. Are applied to capture of details to 50 mm and their long fixing. Adjustment is carried out using a spring button. The lips are made of durable chrome vanadium steel, which allows you to work with a high-quality finish without fear of the risk of damage to it.

| Name | Index |
|---|---|
| Type of | Plumbing pliers |
| Maximum solution, mm | 50 |
| Material | Chrome vanadium steel |
| Additional options | Handle them plastisol |
| Weight, gr | 560 |
| Length, mm | 260 |
| Price, rubles | 3300 |
This adjustable key has as many as 14 positions for fixing parts of various sizes. It can be used for any type of installation work - from the roughest to the most delicate. The jaws have a smooth polished surface, so there is practically no risk of damage to the fixed part. Rearrangement of the lower sponge is made by pressing one button.

| Name | Index |
|---|---|
| Type of | Plumbing pliers |
| Maximum solution, mm | 27 |
| Material | Chrome vanadium steel |
| Additional options | Handle them plastisol |
| Weight, gr | 200 |
| Length, mm | 150 |
| Price, rubles | 5100 |
The conducted analysis of the market showed that the considered instruments are present on it in sufficient quantity. You can buy them both via the Internet and at retail sites, and the price will not vary much. At the same time, the mass Russian buyer prefers Asian or domestic models due to their adequate cost and more or less normal quality. Expensive models from Western brands are more often purchased by professional specialists and for work in the private sector (design services).